The microtome is a specialized instrument used in histology primarily for cutting thin sections of embedded tissue into slices that are typically between 1 to 10 micrometers thick. These thin sections are essential for microscopic analysis, as they allow for the clear visualization of tissue structures when mounted on slides and examined under a microscope.
The significance of the microtome lies in its ability to produce uniform and precise cuts, which is crucial for obtaining consistent specimens that can be accurately analyzed for diagnosis in pathology. This process helps to reveal detailed cellular arrangements and any pathological changes in the tissue, making it a fundamental tool in histological examination.
In comparison, the other options focus on different aspects of tissue processing. Preparing stains is a separate step that occurs after the microtomy process, measurement of tissue samples pertains to the initial steps of histological work, and fixation refers to the process that preserves tissue integrity prior to embedding and sectioning. Therefore, while these processes are important in the overall workflow of preparing tissue samples for histological analysis, the primary role of the microtome specifically focuses on sectioning the tissue.